Film 4

Film 4

Editing in skins

Parallel editing is used to show that the boy and girl are related and have a strong relationship. We can see through the parallel editing that they lead very different teenage lives, showing binary opposite characters. She is coming home; rebelling against house rules and he has been in his own bed. This conforms to Levi Strauss' idea that all narratives have opposites. The two narrative threads come together as she reaches the window and the cut aways show that she relies on him to cover up for her.

The pace of editing is quite fast as action editing and short takes are used to show the fast pace of the protagonists life, this conforms to stereotypes as teenagers are normally quite busy if they have schoolwork or a job meaning that they usually have no time for themselves. A shot reverse shot is used to show the conversation between the teenager and the father these shots show the reactions of the father over the teenage boys loud music, this shot is also used between the young girl and the protagonist with them both attempting to sneak the young girl in after a night out without her father knowing.
The short action shots are used to show that the characters are in a rush to get the girl inside to avoid being caught by their father.
The scene is shot in real time which shows his routine and the amount of time it takes each morning, the action editing along with the short takes is used to create a montage when the protagonist is working out, also compressed time is used in the montage because we do not see the whole of the protagonists workout. this conforms to the stereotype of a teenager because it shows that he is image conscious like most teenagers.

sound example paragraph-skins

The dialogue between the father and the son shows a reversal in audience expectations. We see the father shouting and swearing at the teenager, which is normally something we would expect to hear from the teenager. The father's aggressive reaction to the diegetic rock music plays to the stereotype that teenagers play loud music and are inconsiderate to older people. His reaction also plays to the stereotype that teenagers frustrate their parents.

Another sound used in the scene is diegetic sound, this is used for the different alarms that the protagonist has which shows that his life has a routine ,that he sticks to because the protagonist does different things for each alarm this challenges stereotypes as most teenagers are not very organised and don't really have a routine that they stick to everyday for example the first alarm that goes off is used to show when the teenager is supposed to wake up. then the next alarm is to show that it is the same time when the naked women across the road gets changed and so he has an alarm to remind him of that so that he can go and watch.

Another diegetic sound used is the church bell at the very beginning which could represent the age of the town as being older people and so having teenagers in the town could become disrupted because of the age group that lives there the loud music that the teenage boy proves this the music disrupts the household.

Cameran angles in Skins

The idea that teenagers are curious about sex is reinforced through the over the shoulder shot used when he is looking at the older woman getting dressed through the window over the road. The shot is hand held so that the audience can have the same experience as the teenage main character. The following close up shot shows a lack of expression suggesting that this is routine and he has become disaffected by the image. This conforms to the stereotype that teenagers' lives are surrounded by sex and it plays a big part of their life.

The high and low angle shots used between the brother and sister suggest that they have a good relationship as the teenage boy is willing to cover for his young sister who has been out partying all night. The high angle shot suggests that the young girl is in a vulnerable situation and need her brothers help. The low angle shot suggests that the teenage boy has control over the situation as he is choosing to cover for his younger sister. These shots conform stereotypes  as all youth sticks together.   

Mise En Scene Example for skins

The mise en scene of the protagonists bedroom challenges and conforms to stereotypical views about youth culture. The establishing shot suggests that the series targets a teenage audience and it will follow the life and experiences of a teenager. The duvet cover shown is of a double bed with a naked man and woman, suggesting that this age group is sexually charged. The protagonist is positioned in the middle of the two bodies suggesting that he is sexually inexperienced. It could also be suggesting that he is alone and confused about his sexuality, which conforms to teenage stereotypes.In this shot natural lighting is used to give a sense of realism so the teenage audience identifies with the life of the protagonist.


This is followed by shots of the room which show how clean and tidy the protaganists bedroom is, which challenges the stereotype of a teenager because usually they have untidy bedrooms. the protaganists bedroom is very organised and everything he owns has a certian spot in his bedroom. However his sister contrasts him as she is conforming to stereotypes as the glimse of her room that the audience get shows that she is a very intidy person which is a binory opposite to the protaganist.    

Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy

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This is England 86

Sound and Editing
Sound bridge- can hear the rain before we can see the teenage boy catching it.
Non-Diegetic- music related to the mood
Diegetic- birds, alarm clock, cars/traffic, heels, paper and birds
Compressed time- young boy turning into a teenager
Ambient- piano music, rain, creates setting and mood
Slow motion- sees rain on teenager’s hand
Credits on screen
Close up of clothes when the two men are getting ready
Parallel sounds- piano reflected mood
Sound track- casual mood
Dialogue- represents regional identity- language (swearing)
Magnified sound to emphasise the reflective mood
Graphic match- young boy becoming teenager
Parallel- exam and inside the house
Linear narrative
Cross dissolve
Music starts as soon as he is turning his exam paper represents a carefree attitude towards exams and life the lyrics give this away (give it up)
Parrot squawking- the guy is lonely – free spirited- caged bird (restrained by exams)    

Camera and Mise en scene 
Same boy from the original film
Constructed to show locations that haven't changed much from 86
Tattoo on hand represents gang past or lifestyle
Haircuts- blood on shirt (gang)
Father and son have the same haircut- boy looks up to his father
Wide angle- shows surroundings
Long shot- shows boy walking away from his father
Teenager- new filming
Over the shoulder shot shows the date on his exam
Bird’s eye view when girls are in bed together shows that maybe they are poor or hangover.
REGIONAL IDENTITY
Blood and tattoo

-       Crime

-       Gang

Boy moving on and forgetting about his father as he has been let down
Wide shot

-       Small boy with a big world around him

You have to break stereotypes in order to become successful
2 working class men
     - Size of house
     - Clothing
LIGHTING
Natural lighting- representation of realism

Beginning

-       Wires – deep focus shot

-       Trapped

-       Prison

-       Industrial town

Hairstyles

-       Bowl cuts reflect era and time when it is set

Clothes

-       Too big for the teenager so he trying to be old or bigger

Constructed piece

TV drama revision booklet

Tv Drama Revision Booklet

Stereotypes North and South

North

-Country Bumpkins( farmers)-Working Class-Mining industry-Manual Labour-Strong accents- assume lack of intelligence.

South

-Posh-Wealthy-Well spoken-Cities-Crime (more in cities)-Metropolitan-Glamorous-Business minded

PAUL Notes

Paul

Editing in my boy jack

Action shot- ear from his perception - and other views
Continuity editing- real-time (clock)
Cross cutting - between father and son
Cut- clock and car (racing against time)
Cutaway- from his car to the clock - suggested father is late
Dissolve- when he takes his glasses off suggesting he has poor eyesight
Ellipsis - father arriving, don't see father going up the stairs.
Eye line match- boy reading letters, also giving letter
Fade- clock at the beginning- against time
Long take - jack waiting
Parallel action - driving/boy
Short take- man driving- rushing
Shot/reverse shot-conversation between boys
Superimpose-title in the sky - writing over an image
Different pace of editing

What makes Paul a working title film ?

• The film has Simon Pegg in and is quite popular for acting for working titles.
• The location.
• The Budget
• The date the film was released ( valentines day)

Evaluation of working titles website

Having looked at the working titles website at first glance the website is very visual and provides lots of information on both the most recent films that have been released but also the other films that were released in recent years. It also shows films which are in the production stage that will be released later in the year or early next year such as Billy Elliot the musical. 

The website provides information about the films such as the budget for each of the films that have been made by the production company. Also viewers can watch the official trailers of the films on there website to see if they want to watch the whole film. They also show the latest news on the films such as the premiers and also upcoming films that working titles plan to make.

The website has many links at the top of the page to navigate easily around the website these include film, trailers, news, theatre and features which include games relating to the films which will attract a younger audience.  

Overall the website is very easy to use and is very modern because of the features it uses for example the website flicks between each film that they are making just to give the audience an idea of what they produce. The website is clear because they keep a basic colour scheme of black and white to match their logo.

Working Titles

Working Title

How does my boy Jack appeal to audiences?

My boy jack would appeal to may a specific audience because of the genre of the drama because it is a historical drama it may appeal to the older generations and those who are interested in ww1 which is the time in which the story is based on. However some of the younger generations may want to watch it so that they can learn more about ww1.

The actors in the drama may also appeal to the audience as many people will know the actors such as Daniel Radcliffe from the harry potter series and also Carey mulligan who has become a famous actress in recent years.  And these famous names may appeal to the audience as it would mean a higher production value meaning that more money can be spend on making the story so this could mean that it is a better  drama then perhaps others that have been made.

Notes From My Boy Jack

NOTES:
Character and performance
Popular actors- Daniel Radcliffe is familiar from harry potter.
The characters are well educated, rich, and posh and respect each other however some are snobby towards each other and jack is look down on because his father is a writer.
Style is realistic and is based on a true story
Sequence- upper class/ well educated jack 18-20 white British as far as we know.
Role- we assume jack is less important because of his father’s job

Dialogue
Short formal conversation
Poshly spoken
Rehearsed and realistic
Relationships between characters aren't that strong as they address each other as sir and being called by their last names.

Audience
Primary audience- older war appeals more to that generation
Because of actors- appeal to mass audience this shows high production values.
Represents change in value from 1914 to modern day.
If you weren't born into a rich family it was hard to earn a high rank.

Sound
Diagetic- clock at the start
Non- diagetic- string instruments
Jolly music to match the weather
Up-tempo sound

TV drama
Historical genre- old
Music, costumes and props make the genre clear.
Could be stereotypical - more is more appealing to boys

Narrative sequence
Clock shows time passing by.
Allows you to see the time because they both experience it
The clock appears twice to show real time.
Shots used aren't linked to each other.
One-off production drama
Struggle

Backstory
Drama premier- 1914
Language
Cars
Non fiction character
Old English (high classes and rich families)

Mise en scene
Setting - country side manor house- realistic to story.
Props- upper-class and traditional for time period
Bright sunny day could represent mood and feel free because they are in the country side
Formal- suits, are, uniform of the characters

Camera
Wide shot at the beginning
Close ups of car / driver
Mid shot- eye level realism
Longshot/ track shots of cars and corridor when characters are lining up
Over the shoulder shot when characters are in conversation.
Birds eye view along corridors.
Long angle shot to show speed and determination
Handheld shot eye line to sympathise with Daniel Radcliffe’s character.
Close up like father
Unsteady camera to show uncertainty

Editing
Close ups of time - historical drama
Car drives down the road and we see the credits
Parallel editing- suggests father and son are close even though they are worlds apart.
Black screen 1914
Fade up on expensive looking watch - idea someone is late - owned by the king (doesn’t expect to be kept waiting)


Point of representation - social class
- shows the important of class in 1914
Upper class- cars and manor house

The Role of a Website or a Film Company

• To Give information on films
• To Advertise films (free)
• Because Everybody Uses the internet
• To celebrate the awards / achievements
• fan interaction- build a relationship with the fan
• To Provide informatin about the company
• Contact Details- latest developments
• Provide Fan-Zine- clips photo's actors blogs
• General Marketing
• Archive or previous projects or films

Audience mind map

The mark scheme- broken down

What are the examiners looking for ?

ANALYSIS /20 marks
-Stereotypes
- Challenging theories
-Audience
-Describing – analysis and why?
-Intentions/ ideas + concepts
-Institution
-Genre

Explanation / analysis / argue

EXAMPLES / 20 marks
-Relevant?
- Frequent?
-Varied?
-Specific?

TERMINOLOGY/ 10 marks
-S,P,G
- Rocus on the question

Mark scheme
level 4 = Excellent (B/A)
Level 3 = Proficient(D/C)
Level 2= Basic (E)
Level 1= Minimal (U)

TV Drama - Summary

TV drama summary
Mise en scene- everything in the scene
• props
• lighting- back light
- key light
- fill light
• costume
• Character
• Body Language
• Setting
• Colour
• Denotation/ connotation
• Iconography
• Stereotypes – Tessa Perkins

Camera
• Angles
• Movement
• Framing –positioning
• Focus

Editing
• Transitions
• Effects
• Speed/pace
• Length of frames
• Continuity
• Shot reverse shot- showing exchange
• 180 degree rule
• Narrative- time
                 - theory
• Codes (enigma)

Narrative time
The main types used are
• Screen time- the length of time it takes on screen
• Subjective time- experience the same sort of time as the character
• Compressed time
• Long take- one shot that continues through
• Simultaneous time- 2 different scenes 2 different characters but at the same time
• Slow motion
• Freeze frame
• Flash forward
• Ambiguous time

Sound
• Diegetic – in the scene
• Non-diegetic sound- later added in (not natural)
• Contrapuntal – sound doesn’t fit/ match the scene
• Parallel- sound matches the action
• Bridges- links 2 scenes together.

How does hollywood produce,market and exhibit its films to ensure success?

Hollywood Essay

Analysis of the opening of After Thomas

After Thomas

Sound: The sound in the opening consists of what sounds like heavy breathing, high pitched screaming and crashing waves.

These sounds set the mood of the clip as the sound is very soft and calm then you hear screaming. 

The sound used communicates emotion to the audience.   

The sound is manipulated as it has been blurred and stretched out.

The diegetic sound does not match the non- diegetic sound.

Diegetic sound (in the scene) 

    - screaming

Non-diegetic sound

      -waves 

Sounds were magnified - emphasises the danger of the situation

Editing 

The date of 1993 is added on at the beginning of the clip.

Pace of editing is fast- action editing makes audience feel tense.

White screen shows that you can believe that the story is true.
Different place in time therefore the sound is being sucked out.

There is the same scene as the start but in real time so that the audience feels the same emotion as the mother.

Mise en Scene 

Colour- dull, red shows connotation of danger and is presented through the red bus. 

A fire alarm is used to make clear what the man’s priorities are as he refuses to evacuate and carries on working.

The representation in this clip is of disability and how the mother copes with it.

Narrative theories

The clip challenges Todorovs theory that there is no equilibrium.

 Barthes- enigma codes, action codes

Levi- Strauss - binary opposite’s
                         normal family- family coping with a disability 

Creates an enigma code because the audience doesn't know what is going on and doesn't know if the mother and child will survive.

This reflects the relationship between mother and child.

The ideology is to show disability through the eyes of a parent and how they cope with day to day life.

Narrative time

Subjective time- the beginning of the clip is in slow motion so that the audience feel the same as the characters.

Camera movement 

Pan around characters when they enter the shoe shop. 

Close up on faces shows the distress of each character.

White screen is a straight cut.

Camera angles
long shots are to show the full scene and are used when the two characters enter the shoes shop.
An over the shoulder shot is used so that the audience can see the boy’s nappy and is used so that the audience can make the same judgement as the mother and daughter do when they are in the shoe shop. They are asking the audience to judge the mother, the other women enforces this by telling her daughter not to stare.

Story

The mother has a routine with the child as when he is good he gets rewarded and it is kind of a bribe because the boy knows that he will always get a treat at the end.

 The mother is trying to do normal things with her son by teaching him how to cross the road and such.

The mother reveals her anger at the other people watching her from the side of the road she feels that they are judging her because of her son and she feels that she has to apologise on behalf of her son even though they have done nothing wrong. 

 

Success Criteria

success Criteria
/50= /20 + /20 + /10

First 20 Marks are awarded for :
- Explanation and reason why
- Analysis what is being portrayed and why
- Argument show understanding of other points of views and theories

The next 20 marks are for:
- use of examples which include:
+ a range of examples
+ frequent use of examples
+ examples which are relevant and appropriate
+ focus on the set question and always refer back to the question given

The final 10 marks are awarded for terminology:
- accurate use of terminology
- well structured work
- spelling punctuation and grammar
- frequent - use terminology throughout the work.
- complex - complex sentence structures and complex words

narrative time

Narative Time

Narative theorys in a short film

jack jack attack - pixar.com

4 theorys



Todorov's theory is shown in this short clip as the equilibrium is resolved at the end of the clip.

Propp's narrative theory is presented in this short film as the characters involved each represent a part if Propp's narrative theory. 

             Hero- Mr incredible 
             Villain - Syndrome (the replacement baby sitter)
             Donor- the original babysitter -Kari
             Dispatcher-
             False hero- syndrome
             Helper- 
             Princess- jack jack 
             Father- Mr incredible 

Barthes- some of Barthes codes are presented in the jack jack attack short clip such as 

Levi Straus' theory represents Binary Opposites this is demonstrated as good and evil as the incredible family represents the good and syndrome represents the evil. 

Ideology  The idea behind this short clip is the concept of good and evil and how it can be shown in the clip.

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Hangover 2

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Apocalypse Now Analysis

From watching the beginning of the short clip from apocalypse now i have found that there are different types of sound used in the beginning of the clip parallel sound is used because the sound of the helicopters echoes on the situation that the clip is in because they are in a war zone and the sound of the helicopters reflects on the jobs that the characters have to do. As the camera moves closer to the helicopters it gets the louder the sound gets and as they move further away the sound gets quieter. Also dietetic sound is used when the helicopters are being shown because the sound comes directly from the helicopter itself.

The speech of the characters could be mistaken for background noise because it is much quieter then the helicopters.
Also a sound bridge is used as the music starts at the end of one scene where the helicopters are flying away and it is still playing in the next scene were they are half way through the journey.

Overall the sound effects are used to build tension and attract the audience to watch it and make them think to themselves 'what is going to happen next?' the sound reflects the atmosphere and surroundings as most of the sound reflects fighting and the sound of a war.

Sound Prezi

Sound on Prezi

stereotyping -Tessa Perkins

Rethinking Stereotypes - (Tessa Perkins)

1. Stereotypes are always erroneous in content - I disagree with this as many stereo types can be right because for example if a teenager is living in bad circumstances where a family member drinks a lot then they are more likely to this that it is acceptable and turn to drink and drugs. For example in waterloo road the new character scout becomes a drug dealer because her mother is an alcoholic and cannot be bothered to look after her own children.

2. They are pejorative concepts –

3. They are about groups with whom we have little or no social contact; by implication, therefore, they are not held about one's own group – In some ways I agree with this however some teenager are stereotyped against as some people believe that all teenagers will turn to crime which is not true, and also some teenagers stereotype that teenage boys are lazy. But mainly I agree with this as most people will not stereotype or disrespect against others who are in the same social class as them. 

4. They are about minority (or oppressed) groups- I disagree with this as everyone can be stereotyped against for example old people and teenagers can be stereotyped against and they aren’t a small group as can people who live in specific countries for example all Italians are good cooks they are stereotyped and they are a whole country.

5. They are simple – I agree with this because most stereotypes are because that is what a certain group of people are known to the public because of their actions, and so the types of things they are stereotyped on  are because that is what the public believe all of the group do. For example that all Asian and Indian men are taxi drivers the only reason we have this assumption is because when we going into a taxi there is more likely to be an Indian or Asian man driving it because they have more of the jobs.

6. They are rigid and do not change - I disagree with this as I do believe that stereotype can be changed because if a certain group being stereotyped against make it know to the rest of the society that they don’t do what they are being stereotyped against then the society will start to change their minds and think why are these people being stereotyped against something they don’t do. For example if a teenage girl lives with her mother who is on benefits and has had children from a young age and has made nothing of her life and the teenager girls try to make something of their life the society will this that not all teenage girls in their situation are likely to turn out like their mothers. and also as times move on peoples views have changed for example that women are weaker than men this has changed because women now work and have jobs and ar just as strong as men.

7. They are not structurally reinforced – I agree with this because with most stereotypes they are just assumptions from other groups of people who then put that assumption onto the rest of that social group. For example just because Chinese food is nice people assume that all Chinese people can cook like that.

8. The existence of contradictory stereotypes is evidence that they are erroneous, but of nothing else -

9. People either 'hold' stereotypes (believe them to be true) or do not – I agree with this quote because you cannot be undecided about whether or not you hold a stereotype against somebody however some people stereotype groups of people just do not realize that it is stereotyping.

10. Because someone holds a stereotype of a group, his or her behaviour towards the group can be predicted – I agree with this because if somebody judges a certain group of people then you can predict that they will make their views known to the group and therefore you will be able to predict how they will react to the group.

Camera movement

crane shot


A crane shot is used to show the street where the characters of the inbetweeners live.

hand-held shot


hand-held shot this camera angle is used to show the surroundings of the characters who are on the bus.

Whip pan


whip pan the camera angle is used to show the fast paced atmosphere of the settings.

Pan


pan is used to show the facial expressions of each characters and the reactions to the characters surroundings.

aerial shot


Aerial Shot this shot is used to show the surrounding that the characters have entered and also shows the place where they are staying on holiday.

track


Track this shot is used to emphisise the movement and reaction of the characters

Zoom


zoom is used in this shot to show the size of the boat in comparison of where they are in the sea it also gets into the party mood as the camera shot reflects the music being heard.


Arc


arc this shot is used to show the character from all the different angles and also to show his surroundings.

Camera Angles

Camera Angles

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Mise-En-Scene

The setting for this scene is in the centre of someone's house and all the characters are watching a TV this is shown by the light that shines off their faces, in the background there is an arche-way that leads onto another room of the house. 

The costume and make up for this scene suggests that the characters are quite warm as it appears they have sweat running off their faces suggesting that they have done quite a lot of work to get to the point they are at now,the costumes also suggest this as they all look untidy.

The facial expressions of these characters in this scene are quite embarressed and look as if they feel awkward and uncomfortablewith being in the company they are with this may have come from the TV they are watching. the man in the centre of this scene looks quite smug and enterained about the fact that the other 3 men look uncomfortable.

The lighting in this scene comes from the key light at the back of the room this is where most of the light comes from but also some filler lighting comes from the side of the film as they are watching the tv this light reflects off the characters and they're faces. Fill light is used in the background to light up the whole room and scene not just the characters faces.

The positioning in this scene is central as all the characters are in the centre of the room this is so all the attention focuses on the main characters that feature throughout the film. 

Flow Diagram

Flow Diagram Media !!!!

Class survey

Class conclusion  I found that when carrying out the class survey that many people enjoy British films as they can relate to them as the films tend to have a British humour which we find funny but the class also like American films because more money can be spent on it meaning it will be better quality. i also found that most people enjoy comedies because they like to have a laugh and have a certain sense of humour which they find in films. 

Pros and con’s of types of viewing:  

Cinema:
pros:

Has a big screen so the viewing experience will be better as the picture will be clearer. Also it is a shared experience so you can take in the atmosphere because everybody is looking forward to watching the film. You can watch the film as soon as it is released. Comfy seats also make the experience more comfortable as does surround sound.

Cons:
  The cost of watching the film can put people off because they can just buy the film on DVD when it comes out and watch it as many times as they like for a similar price. The fact that it is a shared experience does not appeal to some people as they may like to watch films on there own and not have any interruptions. Some people talk in the cinema and eat loudly which may put people off and disrupt the film.

TV:

Pros:
you can now record live TV  so you can watch the program as many times as you like which saves money so you do not have to buy the DVD. Also you can fast forward the breaks so that you can watch the whole film through without Pauses. You can also pause live TV so that if you need to do something then you will not miss any of the film.

Cons:
The disadvantages of watching films on the TV is that it is a smaller screen so the picture is not as clear also you have to wait for the film to come in the TV to watch it or if you are watching a DVD then you have to wait until the DVD has come out to be able to watch it.

DVD:
pros:
You can keep the DVD and watch it as many time as you like and whenever you want. The DVD has special features which no other viewing way does and also you can share the DVD with others. 
Cons:
The disc may get scratched therefore you won't be able to watch it. it also takes up space in the house if you have lots of DVD's also you have to pay for DVD's and you can't copy them (legally )

Downloads: 
Pro's
Downloading is free and you do not have to pay for films. also you don't have to wait for the DVD to be released and you can share the downloads with other people.
Cons:
you can't get subtitles with downloads and you also need good connections in order for the download to work and also it take a while to download films so you have to wait to watch it.